Facts and Data

Webpages:
Official Unesco Page
View photos from OUR PLACE the World Heritage collection
Fez (Ministry of Communication)

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 1981
Size of heritage: 280 ha

Coordinates:
Longitude: -3,022°
Latitude: 34,061°

Summary

Founded in the 9th century and home to the oldest university in the world, Fez reached its height in the 13th–14th centuries under the Marinids, when it replaced Marrakesh as the capital of the kingdom. The urban fabric and the principal monuments in the medina – madrasas, fondouks, palaces, residences, mosques and fountains - date from this period. Although the political capital of Morocco was transferred to Rabat in 1912, Fez has retained its status as the country's cultural and spiritual centre.

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Medina of Fez: A Historic Jewel in Morocco

The Medina of Fez, located in the city of Fez, Morocco, is a UNESCO World Heritage site renowned for its rich history, cultural significance, and architectural beauty. With its labyrinthine streets, ancient buildings, and vibrant atmosphere, the Medina of Fez offers visitors a unique glimpse into the past and a chance to experience the authentic Moroccan way of life.

History

The Medina of Fez dates back to the 9th century when it was founded by the Idrisid dynasty. Over the centuries, it grew into a thriving center of trade, religion, and learning, attracting scholars, artisans, and merchants from across the Islamic world. Fez became the capital of Morocco in the 13th century and continued to flourish under subsequent dynasties.

During its heyday, the Medina of Fez became a hub of Islamic culture and scholarship, boasting numerous madrasas (religious schools), mosques, and libraries. The city's artisans were renowned for their craftsmanship, producing exquisite ceramics, textiles, and metalwork. The Medina also served as a major trading center, with caravanserais and souks (markets) bustling with merchants from Africa, Europe, and the Middle East.

Current State

Today, the Medina of Fez remains a vibrant and bustling part of the city, preserving its medieval charm and cultural heritage. The Medina is divided into three main sections: Fes el Bali, Fes el Jdid, and the Ville Nouvelle. Fes el Bali, the oldest part of the Medina, is the heart of the UNESCO World Heritage site.

Walking through the narrow, winding streets of Fes el Bali is like stepping back in time. The architecture reflects a blend of Islamic, Andalusian, and Moroccan styles, with intricately carved wooden doors, colorful mosaic tiles, and ornate plasterwork. The Medina is also home to numerous historic landmarks, including the Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque, the University of Al-Qarawiyyin (the oldest continuously operating university in the world), and the Bou Inania Madrasa.

The Medina of Fez is not only a living museum but also a vibrant community. It is home to thousands of residents who continue to practice traditional crafts and trades passed down through generations. The narrow streets are filled with artisans' workshops, bustling markets, and traditional riads (guesthouses).

However, the Medina faces several challenges in preserving its heritage. The aging infrastructure, lack of proper sanitation, and overcrowding pose significant threats to the site's preservation. Efforts are being made by local authorities and international organizations to address these issues and ensure the sustainable development of the Medina while safeguarding its cultural significance.

Visiting the Medina of Fez is a truly immersive experience. Exploring its winding streets, haggling in the bustling souks, and savoring the local cuisine allows visitors to connect with the rich history and vibrant culture of Morocco. The Medina of Fez stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of Islamic civilization and serves as a reminder of the importance of preserving our shared cultural heritage.