Gonbad-e Qābus in Iran

Facts and Data

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 2012
Size of heritage: 1.48 ha
- Buffer zone: 18 ha

Coordinates:
Longitude: 55,169°
Latitude: 37,258°

Summary

The 53 m high tomb built in ad 1006 for Qābus Ibn Voshmgir, Ziyarid ruler and literati, near the ruins of the ancient city of Jorjan in north-east Iran, bears testimony to the cultural exchange between Central Asian nomads and the ancient civilization of Iran. The tower is the only remaining evidence of Jorjan, a former centre of arts and science that was destroyed during the Mongols’ invasion in the 14th and 15th centuries. It is an outstanding and technologically innovative example of Islamic architecture that influenced sacral building in Iran, Anatolia and Central Asia. Built of unglazed fired bricks, the monument’s intricate geometric forms constitute a tapering cylinder with a diameter of 17–15.5 m, topped by a conical brick roof. It illustrates the development of mathematics and science in the Muslim world at the turn of the first millennium AD.

Location on Map

Show bigger map on Openstreetmap

Gonbad-e Qābus: A UNESCO World Heritage Site in Iran

Gonbad-e Qābus, located in the northeastern province of Golestan, Iran, is a magnificent architectural masterpiece that has been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site since 2012. This iconic tower, also known as the Gonbad-e Qābus Tower, stands as a testament to the rich history and cultural heritage of Iran.

History

The construction of Gonbad-e Qābus dates back to the 11th century during the reign of the Ziyarid dynasty. It was commissioned by Qābus ibn Voshmgir, a prominent ruler of the region. The tower was built as a mausoleum for Qābus and his family, serving as a final resting place for the dynasty.

The tower's design and architecture are a remarkable blend of Persian, Islamic, and Zoroastrian influences. Its cylindrical shape, soaring height, and intricate brickwork showcase the mastery of the craftsmen of that era. The tower stands at an impressive height of 53 meters, making it one of the tallest brick towers in the world.

The interior of Gonbad-e Qābus is equally captivating. The main chamber, adorned with beautiful stucco decorations and inscriptions from the Quran, reflects the artistic brilliance of the time. The tower's unique acoustics further enhance the experience, as even the faintest sound can be heard clearly throughout the chamber.

Current State

Despite the passage of centuries, Gonbad-e Qābus has managed to withstand the test of time and remains remarkably well-preserved. The tower's brickwork, which has retained its original reddish hue, showcases the durability and craftsmanship of its builders.

However, due to natural factors such as weathering and erosion, as well as human activities, the tower has faced some challenges. Efforts have been made to restore and conserve the site, ensuring its longevity for future generations.

UNESCO, in collaboration with the Iranian government, has taken significant steps to safeguard Gonbad-e Qābus. Conservation projects have been undertaken to address structural issues and stabilize the tower. These initiatives include the reinforcement of the foundation, restoration of damaged sections, and the installation of protective measures to prevent further deterioration.

Furthermore, the surrounding landscape has been carefully maintained to preserve the authenticity and integrity of the site. The tower is set amidst a picturesque garden, which adds to its charm and provides visitors with a serene and peaceful atmosphere.

Gonbad-e Qābus continues to attract tourists and history enthusiasts from around the world. Its architectural grandeur, historical significance, and cultural value make it a must-visit destination in Iran. The site serves as a reminder of the rich heritage of the region and the remarkable achievements of the past.

As a UNESCO World Heritage site, Gonbad-e Qābus stands as a symbol of Iran's commitment to preserving its cultural treasures and sharing them with the world. It serves as a bridge between the past and the present, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the history and beauty of this remarkable architectural gem.