Mining Area of the Great Copper Mountain in Falun in Sweden

Facts and Data

Webpages:
Official Unesco Page
www.varldsarvetfalun.se
www.falun.se
www.lansstyrelsen.se
www.visitsodradalarna.se
www.falugruva.se
www.dalarnasmuseum.se

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 2001
Size of heritage: 43 ha
- Buffer zone: 3,500 ha

Coordinates:
Longitude: 15,631°
Latitude: 60,605°

Summary

The enormous mining excavation known as the Great Pit at Falun is the most striking feature of a landscape that illustrates the activity of copper production in this region since at least the 13th century. The 17th-century planned town of Falun with its many fine historic buildings, together with the industrial and domestic remains of a number of settlements spread over a wide area of the Dalarna region, provide a vivid picture of what was for centuries one of the world's most important mining areas.

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Mining Area of the Great Copper Mountain in Falun

The Mining Area of the Great Copper Mountain in Falun, located in the town of Falun in the Dalarna Province of Sweden, is a UNESCO World Heritage site that holds immense historical and cultural significance. This site is renowned for its copper mining operations, which date back to the 10th century and continued until 1992.

History

The history of the Mining Area of the Great Copper Mountain in Falun is deeply intertwined with the development of Sweden as a major European power. Copper mining began in the region during the Viking Age, and by the 13th century, Falun had become one of the largest copper producers in Europe. The copper extracted from this site played a crucial role in financing Sweden's military campaigns and the expansion of its empire.

During the 17th century, the Mining Area of the Great Copper Mountain reached its peak production, making Sweden the world's leading copper producer. The copper was used for various purposes, including the production of coins, cannons, and roofs for prestigious buildings. The distinctive red color of the copper roofs became a symbol of wealth and power.

However, the mining operations were not without challenges. The miners faced hazardous working conditions, including the risk of cave-ins and toxic gases. To address these issues, innovative techniques were developed, such as the use of water-powered pumps and ventilation systems. The mining community also established a unique system of self-governance, known as the "Falu Gruva System," which regulated the mining operations and ensured the welfare of the workers.

Current State

Today, the Mining Area of the Great Copper Mountain in Falun stands as a testament to the ingenuity and perseverance of the mining community. The site encompasses various structures and features that showcase the mining operations and the associated cultural heritage.

One of the most iconic structures is the Great Pit, a vast crater-like depression that was formed as a result of centuries of mining activities. This impressive landmark serves as a reminder of the immense scale of the operations and the impact on the landscape.

The site also includes numerous buildings, such as the Miners' Cottage, which provides insights into the living conditions of the miners and their families. The Stora Kopparberget Church, built in the 17th century, stands as a symbol of the close connection between mining and religion in the community.

Visitors to the Mining Area of the Great Copper Mountain can explore the underground mine, which offers a unique opportunity to experience the working conditions of the miners. Guided tours take visitors through the labyrinthine tunnels, showcasing the tools, machinery, and geological formations that played a crucial role in the mining operations.