Facts and Data

Webpages:
Official Unesco Page
Direcção Geral dos Edifícios e Monumentos Nacionais

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 1989
Size of heritage:

Coordinates:
Longitude: -7,023°
Latitude: 39,550°

Summary

The Monastery of Santa Maria d'Alcobaça, north of Lisbon, was founded in the 12th century by King Alfonso I. Its size, the purity of its architectural style, the beauty of the materials and the care with which it was built make this a masterpiece of Cistercian Gothic art.

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Monastery of Alcobaça

The Monastery of Alcobaça, located in the town of Alcobaça in the Leiria district of Portugal, is a UNESCO World Heritage site renowned for its historical and architectural significance. Founded in 1153 by the first Portuguese King, Afonso Henriques, the monastery holds a prominent place in Portuguese history and culture.

History

The Monastery of Alcobaça was established by the Cistercian Order, a monastic order known for its strict adherence to the Rule of Saint Benedict. The construction of the monastery began in the late 12th century and continued for several centuries, resulting in a magnificent complex that showcases various architectural styles.

One of the most significant events in the monastery's history occurred in the 14th century when the tombs of King Pedro I and his beloved Inês de Castro were placed in the transept of the church. Their tragic love story has become legendary in Portuguese folklore, and their tombs are considered masterpieces of Gothic sculpture.

Over the centuries, the Monastery of Alcobaça played a crucial role in the religious and cultural life of Portugal. It served as a place of worship, a center for learning, and a repository of art and literature. The monastery's library housed a vast collection of manuscripts and books, making it an important intellectual hub.

Current State

Today, the Monastery of Alcobaça stands as a testament to the grandeur of medieval architecture. The complex consists of several buildings, including the church, the cloister, the chapter house, and the monks' dormitory. The church, with its imposing facade and rose window, is a remarkable example of early Gothic architecture.

Inside the church, visitors can admire the ornate tombs of King Pedro I and Inês de Castro. The tombs are intricately carved with scenes from their love story, depicting the tragic romance that captivated the nation for centuries.

The monastery's cloister is another highlight, featuring elegant arches and delicate stonework. It provides a tranquil space for contemplation and offers stunning views of the surrounding landscape.

While the Monastery of Alcobaça suffered some damage over the years, including during the Napoleonic invasions and the dissolution of religious orders in the 19th century, extensive restoration efforts have preserved its architectural integrity. The monastery is now open to the public, allowing visitors to explore its rich history and experience its serene atmosphere.

Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1989, the Monastery of Alcobaça continues to attract tourists from around the world. Its historical significance, architectural beauty, and cultural importance make it a must-visit destination for those interested in Portugal's rich heritage.

Visiting the Monastery of Alcobaça offers a unique opportunity to step back in time and appreciate the craftsmanship and devotion that went into creating this remarkable monument. It serves as a reminder of the enduring legacy of the Cistercian Order and the profound impact of Portuguese history and culture.