Defence Line of Amsterdam in Netherlands

Facts and Data

Webpages:
Official Unesco Page
Stichting Platform Werelderfgoed Nederland
The Defence Line of Amsterdam (official website)

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 1996
Size of heritage: 14,953 ha

Coordinates:
Longitude: 4,893°
Latitude: 52,374°

Summary

Extending 135 km around the city of Amsterdam, this defence line (built between 1883 and 1920) is the only example of a fortification based on the principle of controlling the waters. Since the 16th century, the people of the Netherlands have used their expert knowledge of hydraulic engineering for defence purposes. The centre of the country was protected by a network of 45 armed forts, acting in concert with temporary flooding from polders and an intricate system of canals and locks.

Location on Map

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Defence Line of Amsterdam: A Historic Marvel in the Netherlands

The Defence Line of Amsterdam, located in the provinces of Noord-Holland and Utrecht in the Netherlands, is a UNESCO World Heritage site that showcases the country's innovative military defense system. Spanning over 135 kilometers, this unique fortification network was constructed between 1883 and 1920 to protect the city of Amsterdam and its surroundings from potential invasions.

History

The idea for the Defence Line of Amsterdam emerged in the late 19th century when advancements in military technology rendered traditional fortresses obsolete. Instead of relying on traditional fortresses, the Dutch military devised a revolutionary plan to flood the low-lying polders surrounding Amsterdam, creating a natural barrier against enemy forces.

The construction of the Defence Line began in 1883 and continued for nearly four decades. The network consists of a series of forts, batteries, and waterworks strategically positioned along the IJsselmeer, Markermeer, and North Sea Canal. These structures were designed to control the water levels and create a defensive line that could be flooded at a moment's notice.

During World War I, the Defence Line of Amsterdam was put to the test when Germany invaded Belgium and threatened to attack the Netherlands. However, the line's innovative design and strategic positioning deterred any potential invasions, and the country remained unscathed throughout the war.

Current State

Today, the Defence Line of Amsterdam stands as a testament to Dutch engineering and military ingenuity. The site offers visitors a unique opportunity to explore the historic fortifications and gain insight into the country's defense strategies.

The fortresses and batteries that make up the Defence Line have been meticulously preserved and restored, allowing visitors to experience the architectural brilliance of the era. Many of these structures are open to the public, offering guided tours and exhibitions that delve into the history and significance of the site.

Furthermore, the natural landscapes surrounding the Defence Line have been carefully maintained, providing a picturesque backdrop for visitors to enjoy. The flooded polders, once a crucial part of the defense system, now serve as nature reserves, attracting a diverse range of flora and fauna.

The Defence Line of Amsterdam has also become a popular recreational area for locals and tourists alike. The network of trails and cycling routes that wind through the site allows visitors to explore the fortifications while enjoying the scenic beauty of the Dutch countryside.

Address
Distance: 0,1 mi
Nieuwezijds Voorburgwal 119-121
1012 RH Amsterdam
Netherlands

Time Information

Checkout: - Checkin:
Reception
Weekday: -
Weekend: closed

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