Facts and Data
Webpages:
Official Unesco Page
View photos from OUR PLACE the World Heritage collection
Easter Island (Mysterious Places)
Easter Island Home Page
Parque Nacional Rapa Nui (Nuestro.cl)(spanish only)
Patrimonio de la Humanidad en Chile (Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales)(spanish only)
Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 1995
Size of heritage: 6,666 ha
Coordinates:
Longitude: -108,550°
Latitude: -26,850°
Summary
Rapa Nui, the indigenous name of Easter Island, bears witness to a unique cultural phenomenon. A society of Polynesian origin that settled there c. A.D. 300 established a powerful, imaginative and original tradition of monumental sculpture and architecture, free from any external influence. From the 10th to the 16th century this society built shrines and erected enormous stone figures known as moai , which created an unrivalled cultural landscape that continues to fascinate people throughout the world.
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Rapa Nui National Park: A Treasure of Easter Island
Rapa Nui National Park, located in the Easter Island province of the Valparaíso Region in Chile, is a UNESCO World Heritage site that holds immense historical and cultural significance. Spanning over 40,000 hectares, this park is home to the iconic moai statues and numerous archaeological sites, making it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.
History
The history of Rapa Nui National Park is deeply intertwined with the enigmatic civilization that once thrived on Easter Island. The Rapa Nui people, believed to have settled on the island around the 12th century, created an extraordinary cultural legacy that is still celebrated today. The park is a testament to their remarkable craftsmanship and ingenuity.
The most iconic feature of the park is undoubtedly the moai statues. These colossal stone figures, carved by the Rapa Nui people, are scattered throughout the island. The statues, some weighing up to 75 tons, were meticulously carved and transported across the island using a system of ropes and sledges. The purpose and significance of these statues remain a subject of debate among archaeologists and historians.
During the 18th century, the island faced a period of decline and social unrest. European contact, coupled with deforestation and overpopulation, led to the collapse of the Rapa Nui civilization. The island's population dwindled, and many of the moai statues were toppled or destroyed.
Current State
Today, Rapa Nui National Park stands as a testament to the island's rich cultural heritage. The park was established in 1935 to protect and preserve the archaeological sites and natural landscapes of Easter Island. It was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1995.
The park is divided into several zones, each with its own unique attractions. The most famous zone is Rano Raraku, the quarry where the moai statues were carved. Here, visitors can witness the unfinished statues still embedded in the rock face, providing a glimpse into the ancient sculpting techniques.
Ahu Tongariki, another highlight of the park, is the largest ceremonial platform on the island. It features 15 meticulously restored moai statues, standing tall against the backdrop of the Pacific Ocean. This awe-inspiring sight is a testament to the island's cultural resilience and the ongoing efforts to preserve its heritage.
While the park is primarily known for its archaeological sites, it also boasts diverse ecosystems and breathtaking landscapes. Visitors can explore volcanic craters, pristine beaches, and lush valleys, providing a unique opportunity to connect with nature.
Preservation efforts are ongoing to protect the fragile archaeological sites and fragile ecosystems within the park. Strict regulations are in place to ensure the sustainable management of the park, including limits on visitor numbers and the prohibition of touching or climbing on the moai statues.
Rapa Nui National Park is not only a testament to the remarkable achievements of the Rapa Nui people but also a reminder of the importance of preserving our cultural heritage. Its unique blend of history, archaeology, and natural beauty makes it a truly remarkable UNESCO World Heritage site.
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